Ibusongo bwa BESS: Kupanga Gridi akutobela Gridi

Mazubaano, nzila zyakuyobweda manguzu zya PCS zyaandaanizyigwa muzibeela zyobile: Kupanga nzila akutobela nzila. Grid Following, eeyo iitakwe nguzu zyakulisalila kugwasya nguzu zya magesi a frequency mbuli nzila ya magesi. Chiyeeme akukkazika moyo kwanguzu zyamugesi zyaanze a frequency, aboobo kupa nguzu zisyoonto zyakugwasyilizya. Kulubazu lumwi, kupanga magesi, ntalisyo yamagesi mbuli nzila mpati, ilajana nguzu kwiinda mukubamba zitondezyo zyamagesi a frequency. Tachikonzyi buyo kubeleka a grid-tied pesi akubeleka kunze lya grid, eecho chipa kuti kube lugwasyo luyumu akusumpula kukkalwa moyo.

Antoomwe anguzu zyamuwo azuba zilayungizya kweendelezya mubweende bwamanguzu, nzila yakubelesya ili mukuchincha kupati. Ikapati mumasena aalimbuli Afulika, Middle East, antoomwe aSouth America, ooko kuli nguzu zyiingi zyakupanga manguzu aakonzya kubelesegwa lubo, pesi zibelesyo zyamagesi tazili kabotu pe. Mumasena aaya, maanda mapati aanguzu zikonzya kubelesegwa lubo- kanjikanji aali munkanda mpati naakuti mumasena aaGobi- ali mumapenzi miingi: kucheya kwa short-circuit ratios akati kamasena miingi, kuzungaana kwa broadband ziindi zyiingi, kutabeleka kabotu kwa system, akucheya kupati kwa voltage a power angle stability. Mukwiingula twaambo ootu tukatazya kumvwisisisya, nzila yakubamba manguzu aapanga magesi yakazwa kuba chintu chiyandikana loko mumulimo ooyu.

1. Kupanga Gridi vs Kutobela Gridi

1.1 Nzila Zyakutobela Nzila Zyakubelesya

Njiisyo ya nzila yakubamba manguzu aatobelezya magesi ibelekela mbuli nzila yamagesi, mpawo kubeleka kwayo kuyeeme aanguzu zya magesi a frequency. Muchiimo cheendelezya, chintu chisandula nzila eeyi chilazuminana a gird kwiinda mukutobelezya makani aachiimo cha gridi, kubelesya phase-locked loop (PPL) kupima chiimo aawo mpachiswaangana (PCC). Mbuli nzila eeyi mboitakonzyi kugwasya nzila eeyi kuti ibeleke alikke, ilakonzya kubeleka biyo kuti kakuli magesi. Nzila zyakuyobweda manguzu zitobelezya magesi zibelesyegwa kupa manguzu aakufwambaana, aboobo zilasumpula kukkalwa moyo kwa magesi akuzumanana.

1.2 Nzila zyakupanga nzila

Njiisyo yakubamba magesi mbuli nzila yakubamba magesi, iikonzya kubikka magesi mukati kuti ipe magesi aatazungaani a frequency. Zibelesyo zipanga magesi zibelesya nzila yakuzumizya manguzu, mbuli zibelesyo zipa kuti kube kweendelana, zipa kuti kube kweendelana kakunyina PPL. Eeyi nzila yakulela ileelela kapati kuma gridi ajisi nguzu zya system alimwi a inertia nsyoonto.

Zibelesyo zipanga magesi zilakonzya kupa kutazungaana akulesya magesi kunzila, ikuzumizya kuti ibeleke kakunyina kuchita obotu nikuba kuti taakwe makani aazwa anze. Mbuli kunjila kwanguzu zikonzya kubelesegwa lubo anguzu zyakubelesya minchina yamagesi mbokuyaabuvwula- kusololela kukucheya kwanguzu zyamagesi akucheya kwanguzu zyamagesi- inzila yakubamba magesi ilasumpula manguzu aabasikusandula magesi kuti bagwasyilizye nguzu zyamagesi a frequency, aboobo eezi zipa kuti magesi azumanane kukkalikana.

Akaambo kachiimo chakwe chakuzwa magesi, BESS iipanga magesi ilakonzya kuchita obotu kugwisya mapenzi aakubula manguzu aakubelesya magesi mafwaafwi akubula nguzu zyakuzungaana mumagesi mapya.

2. Kwiimpana kwabusongo akubelesya

Kusiyana kupati aakati kakutobela nzila akupanga nzila BESS mbube bwakusaanguna anzila zyakweendelezya. Nzila yakutobela magesi mbuli nzila yakujana magesi, taikonzyi kupa lugwasyo lwanguzu zyamagesi a frequency, mpawo yeelede kusyoma magesi. Nzila yakupanga magesi mbuli nzila yakujana magesi, kwiinda mukubikka mukati zitondezyo zya magesi kuti zibe amagesi aazwa a frequency, zilakonzya kubeleka munzila zyoonse zyobile zili a grid-tied a off-grid modes, kupa nguzu zyakugwasyilizya magesi.

Kuya kunembo, zibelesyo zitobela ntalisyo zyamagesi zilajana mapenzi aakukkazika moyo muma bbazu aatakwe nguzu, mpawo zibelesyo zipanga ntalisyo zyamagesi zilakonzya kupa lugwasyo lwa frequency lutazungaani, aboobo akusumpula kukkalikana kwa gird.

BESS iitobela magesi ilakonzya kubelesegwa aamagesi aatazungaani alimwi aatakwe zibelesyo zyakuyungizya nguzu zya magesi alimwi a frequency. Nikuba kuti BESS yakupanga magesi ilakonzya kubelesegwa munzila mpya zyamagesi, ikapati mumasena ajisi manguzu manji aakonzya kubelesegwa lubo alimwi akubula luumuno lwa magesi.

3. Kweezyanisya kwa PCS

3.1 Bupange bwa PCS butobela nzila

PCS iitobela grid njiyeendelezya AC-side current. Ilatobelezya nzila ya voltage phase angle ya grid iiliwo kwiinda mu PPL, mpawo kusanduka kwa coordinate antoomwe a PWM modulation zipa kuti kube zitondezyo zyakweendelezya zipilusyigwa kuzibelesyo zyakucinca.

Inzila ya phase-locked loop iibelesyegwa muzibeela zya PCS zitobela grid ilisumpukide aawa, ilakonzya kuchita kuti nzila ibeleke muchiindi cheenzu chakabikkidwe kale. Nokuba boobo, nikuba kuti nzila ya PPL njiisyoma yakomena, ichiyandika kujana frequency a voltage iitazungaani kuzwa ku grid kuti ibeleke kabotu. Kwiindawo, kukkalwa kwayo kwakweendelezya nkukompama kwiinda kwanzila zyakuyobweda manguzu zipanga magesi, kupa kuti itachikonzyi kugwasya.

3.2 Bupange bwa PCS bwakupanga nzila

Kakutali mbuli zyeendelezyo zitobelezya magesi ziyeeme aama phase-locked loops kuti zyeendelane aamagesi, PCS iipanga magesi ilabikka zitondezyo zya voltage mukati, mpawo ilazuminana a gridi yoonse kwiinda mukubelesya nzila yakubala manguzu antoomwe abweendelezi bwakucheya kwamagesi. Eeyi nzila, ilikozyene akubeleka kwa jenereta, taiyandiki zitondezyo zya voltage zyaanze pe.

Grid-forming PCS ilakonzya kulibamba alikke muchiindi cheenzu kakunyina zitondezyo zyaanze. Kwiinda mukubamba manguzu aazwa kuchitila kuti magesi azumanane, ibelekela mbuli nzila ya magesi yakuswaangana kwa gird kumwi kachisinizya kuti nzila ili kabotu. ilakonzya kubamba nzila ilikke muma network aatakwe nguzu aatakwe nguzu zya magesi. Nokuba boobo nguzu zyakuyungizya magesi zya PCS zyakupanga magesi zyayungizyigwa kuzwa ku 1.5 kusika ku 3.0 ziindi zya magesi, eezi zyakapa kuti kube mali manji kwiinda nzila zitobela magesi.

4. Milimu ya PCS iipanga nzila

4.1 Kupangwa kwanguzu zyamagesi
Grid-forming PCS ilakonzya kukozyanisya nzila zyakubeleka abube bwama jenereta aabeleka antoomwe kwiinda mukubelesya nzila ya virtual synchronous generator (VSG). VSG ikozyanisya nzila zyakweendelezya manguzu aanguzu zyamagesi zya jenereta iibeleka antoomwe, kweezyanisya kweendelezya kukankaminwa kwiinda mukubelesya nguzu zyamagesi. Eezi zipa lugwasyo lwa inertial lubeleka, zikozyanisya nzila zyama jenereta aabeleka antoomwe, mpawo zipa kuti kube nguzu zyakupanga ma grid.

4.2 Kweendelezya kwachiindi chilamfu akusandula kwakubula nguzu
Muchiindi chakunyongana kwanguzu, zibeela zilimbuli virtual rotational inertia (J) antoomwe a damping coefficient (D) mubweendelezi bwa VSG zilagwasya kuchesya kuchincha kwa frequency, aboobo zilasumpula frequency a power angle stability. Mbwaanga inertia J taili chintu chilibonya pe, mpindu yayo ilakonzya kuchinchululwa kakunyina kulesyegwa kwa hardware. Kuyungizya waawo, grid-forming PCS ilaa 1.2 ziindi zyakuyungizya nguzu zyakunyamuna zintu, kupa lugwasyo luyumu lwa inertia.

4.3 Kulesya kuzungaana kwa Broadband
PCS iipanga nzila ilakonzya kuchita kuti kutabi ntenda zyakuzungaana kwachiindi chifwiifwi kwiinda mukubelesya nzila zikonzya kuchincha (D). Alimwi ibelesya nzila zilimbuli virtual impedance antoomwe a active damping kuchincha bube bwa impedance kuma frequency amwi akulesya kuzungaana.

4.4 Kulubizya kwanguzu zyamagesi
Muchiindi chakweenda kwamagesi masyoonto (LVRT), PCS iipanga magesi ibelesya nzila yakukwabilila magesi akuyungizya nguzu zyamagesi kuti ibeleke kabotu mpawo igwasyilizye kupanga magesi. Muzyiimo zya high-voltage ride-through (HVRT), ibikkilizya bweendelezi bwa voltage ya terminal muchiindi cheenzu munzila yakulanganya, kubelesya nguzu zyakufwambaana kuchita kuti magesi ayungizigwe akugwasya kukkalikana kwa grid.

4.5 Kukonzya Kutalika Kusiya
PCS iipanga magesi ilakonzya kutalisya akugwasyilizya kujokolosya nzila nikwakamana kuwa magesi. Chilikke chilabamba magesi aa AC, chipa kukankaminwa kuma yuniti mapati aapanga magesi, mpawo kuti kakuyandika, chipanga magesi aalikke. Nokuba boobo, akaambo kakunjila kwamaanzi manji muchiindi chakutalika kwamudima, yuniti yomwe taikonzyi kupa manguzu kumikuli imwi ilikke. Nzila yakulanganya manguzu (EMS) yeelede kubamba ma PCS manji aapanga magesi munzila iikozyenye kutegwa igwasye kukankaminwa kwa transformer akutalisya nguzu zya magesi.

5. FAQ

Mubuzyo 1: Ino nkwiindana nzi kupati aakati kakupanga magesi akutobela magesi?

CHI:Inzila zitobela magesi zibeleka mbuli nzila zyamagesi ziyeeme aayandika magesi aatazungaani kuti kazibeleka antoomwe, mpawo nzila zipanga magesi zibeleka mbuli nzila zyamagesi zitakwe nguzu zikonzya kupanga akubamba magesi aamagesi aamagesi aalikke.

Mubuzyo wabili: Nkaambo nzi nzila yakupanga magesi ncoiyandika kapati kunzila zyamazubaano zyakupanga magesi?

CHI: Mbuli zintu zikonzya kubelesegwa lubo (mbuli guwo azuba) mbozinjila mubusena bwama jenereta aakaindi, kutabeleka kabotu kwabweende bwazintu kulaselemuka, mpawo eezi zipa kuti kutabi kukkalikana. Kubamba zintu zipangwa aamagesi kupa lugwasyo lwanguzu zyamagesi, kupa kuti kakuli chintu chiyandikana kumagesi aatakwe nguzu alimwi amasena aakonzya kubelesegwa lubo.

Mubuzyo 3: Ino nzintu nzi zipati zigwasya kupanga PCS?

CHI: Bubotu bwayo bupati bubikkilizya: kubamba nguzu zya magesi (kutalika kwamubala uusiya), kupa nguzu zyamagesi kuti zitazungaani, kucesya kuzungaana, akweenda kabotu kwiinda mumapenzi aa magesi, zyoonse kazibeleka mubukkale butakwe magesi naa butakwe magesi.

Mubuzyo 4: Ino ncinzi chipati nchotweelede kulanga-langa muulo wakupanga PCS?

CHI: Chintu chipati chipa kuti kube muulo nkuyungizigwa kwanguzu zyamagesi (ziindi zili 3.0 zyamagesi aayungizyidwe kweelanisigwa a 1.5 yakubelesya magesi), eezyo ziyandika zibelesyo zya semiconductor ziyumu alimwi zidula.